Energy from the Sun is released by nuclear fusion.
i- Complete the sentences.
[2 marks]
Nuclear fusion is the joining together of ______________________ .
During nuclear fusion the total mass of the particles ________________ .
ANSWER
Nuclear fusion is the joining together of nuclei.
During nuclear fusion the total mass of the particles decreases.
ii- Nuclear fusion of deuterium is difficult to achieve on Earth because of the high temperature needed.
Electricity is used to increase the temperature of 4.0 g of deuterium by 50 000 000 °C.
specific heat capacity of deuterium = 5200 J/kg °C
Calculate the energy needed to increase the temperature of the deuterium by 50 000 000 °C.
Use the Physics Equation Sheet.
[3 marks]
SOLUTION
iii- The idea of obtaining power from nuclear fusion was investigated using models.
The models were tested before starting to build the first commercial nuclear fusion power station.
Suggest two reasons why models were tested.
[2 marks]
ANSWER
To assess safety risks in the experiment.
To assess the efficiency of the nuclear fusion process.
To predict the possible results and outcomes.
To develop a better understanding of the process.
(You may pick any two of the reasons.)
iv- Generating electricity using nuclear fusion will have fewer environmental effects than generating electricity using fossil fuels. Explain one environmental effect of generating electricity using fossil fuels.
[2 marks]
ANSWER
Fossil fuels release green house gases such as CO2 , SO2, etc, which causes global warming.
Toxic gases (SO2) produced during the burning of fossil fuel combines with rain and produces acid rain.
